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The heart is a hollow organ that is located roughly in the middle of the chest. Is just above the diaphragm muscle, in front of the spine, behind the sternum and between the two lungs.

heart shape resembles a triangle with the base toward the apex up and down and left. In the adult weighs between 250 and 300 gr. and is about the size of a fist. Inside

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4 chambers: two upper atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. A vertical wall (called the atrio-ventricular septum) divides the heart into 2 halves: right and left. The atrium and ventricle on one side, are in communication with each other by the atrio-ventricular orifice.

These holes are provided with a triangular sheet called valves, whose mission is to control the flow of blood that circulates inside the heart by opening or closing. The valve on the right side is called the tricuspid because it consists of three layers. The left valve is called mitral valve and consists of two sheets.

contractility and elasticity of the heart walls allow it to contract and dilate in a rhythm in what is known as heart rate, functioning as a pump and driving the blood, causing it to circulate continuously around the body. heartbeats occur 75 times per minute, varying according to age, sex, exercise and health status of the individual.

Inside the body, blood is constantly moving through the activity of the heart, which through its contraction forces her to move continuously in the same direction.

However, this blood, no massive floods and uncontrolled organs and body structures but their displacement occurs along the inside of a blood vessel called channels, which allow you from the heart to each and every body parts.

elements known as the blood vessels are arteries the veins and capillaries.

Arteries are vessels that starting from the ventricles carry blood to different organs.

Veins are blood vessels coming from the various organs of the body carrying blood to the heart, reaching their atria.

Capillaries are small-bore tubes that are in communication by a party with the ramifications of the arteries and the other with smaller veins, acting therefore as a bridge between both systems.

The heart and blood vessels are the transportation system, and thanks to him, it's possible contribution oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body and the collection and carbon dioxide and waste products that occur therein.

blood (venous blood-CO2-) after returning from the body enters the right atrium, passes into the right ventricle is pumped from there to the "artery" lung, which is divided into two branches of which will the right lung and one to the left lung.

in the lungs is exchanged for O2 and CO2-rich blood with sufficient oxygen (arterial blood), returns for the "veins" lung to the left atrium, thus passes into the left ventricle to the aorta exit throughout the body where new tissues made in exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide.

The movement of blood in the transport system can be divided into two cycles: the greater circulation or general circulation and the pulmonary circulation, pulmonary circulation also called .

The pulmonary circulation was discovered in 1553 by English Miguel Servet and is known as pulmonary circulation because it corresponds to the stretch run in which the blood passes through the lungs.

largest circulation was discovered by the English physiologist William Harvey in 1628 for the passage of blood through the body.